How Can I Allocate Newly Added Space to an Existing Partition?

In Windows, if your disk already has, for example, a D drive and you want to add space to this drive, refer to the following:

The "System Disk: Add the Additional Space to the Original Volume" and "Data Disk: Add the Additional Space to the Original Volume" parts in Extending Disk Partitions and File Systems (Windows)

In Linux, if your disk already has, for example, partition /dev/vdb1 and you want to add space to this partition, refer to the following:

The "Extending an Existing Partition" part in Extending Disk Partitions and File Systems (Linux)