How Can I Add the Empty Partition of an Expanded System Disk to the End Root Partition Online?

Scenarios

Procedure

1. Run the following command to view disk partitions:

   parted -l /dev/xvda

   [root@sluo-ecs-5e7d ~]# parted -l /dev/xvda
   Disk /dev/xvda: 53.7GB
   Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
   Partition Table: msdos
   
   Number  Start   End     Size    Type     File system     Flags
    1      1049kB  4296MB  4295MB  primary  linux-swap(v1)
    2      4296MB  42.9GB  38.7GB  primary  ext4            boot
   
   

2. Run the following command to obtain the file system type and UUID:

   blkid

   /dev/xvda1: UUID="25ec3bdb-ba24-4561-bcdc-802edf42b85f" TYPE="swap" 
   /dev/xvda2: UUID="1a1ce4de-e56a-4e1f-864d-31b7d9dfb547" TYPE="ext4" 
   
   

3. Run the following command to install the growpart tool:

   This tool may be integrated in the cloud-utils-growpart/cloud-utils/cloud-initramfs-tools/cloud-init package. Run the yum install cloud-* command to ensure it is available.

   yum install cloud-utils-growpart

4. Run the following command to expand the root partition (the second partition) using growpart:

   growpart /dev/xvda 2

   [root@sluo-ecs-5e7d ~]# growpart /dev/xvda 2
   CHANGED: partition=2 start=8390656 old: size=75495424 end=83886080 new: size=96465599,end=104856255
   
   

5. Run the following command to verify that online capacity expansion is successful:

   parted -l /dev/xvda

   [root@sluo-ecs-5e7d ~]# parted -l /dev/xvda
   Disk /dev/xvda: 53.7GB
   Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
   Partition Table: msdos
   
   Number  Start   End     Size    Type     File system     Flags
    1      1049kB  4296MB  4295MB  primary  linux-swap(v1)
    2      4296MB  53.7GB  49.4GB  primary  ext4            boot
   
   

6. Run the following command to expand the capacity of the file system:

   resize2fs -f $Partition name

   Suppose the partition name is /dev/xvda2, run the following command:

   [root@sluo-ecs-a611 ~]# resize2fs -f /dev/xvda2
   resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
   Filesystem at /dev/xvda2 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
   old_desc_blocks = 3, new_desc_blocks = 3
   ....
   [root@sluo-ecs-a611 ~] # df -hT    //Check file system capacity expansion